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in a solar system full of amazing

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planets and moons Jupiter's moon Europa

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stands out sandwiched between it's icy

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skin and mantle there's an ocean twice

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the volume of all of Earth's oceans

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everywhere on earth where there's water

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there's life the search for life in our

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solar system is essentially the search

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for liquid water

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the biggest deal about europa is that it

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may be the most promising place off of

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the earth for life in our solar system

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the Galileo spacecraft returned images

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of Europa that revealed a strange

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variety of icy structures some created

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by blobs of warmer ice that rise through

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colder ice Europa generates heat inside

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how it flexes as it's tugged by

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Jupiter's gravity just like the Earth's

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oceans have tides because they're pulled

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by the moon's gravity Europa should have

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a tide because it's pulled by Jupiter's

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gravity and you rope as it orbits gets a

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little closer and a little farther from

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Jupiter

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be stretched out more when it's farther

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from Jupiter it would contract more it's

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kind of like bending a paperclip if you

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bend a paperclip back and forth that

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generates just a little bit of heat

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could touch you to it it can feel it

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that paperclips heat it up so in a

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similar way this flexing of Europa as it

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orbits around Jupiter is generating heat

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and keeping that ocean going it may even

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be hot enough that if the mantle

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encounters water it might create black

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smokers like we see on Earth's ocean

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floor an environment in which primitive

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organisms might be able to survive I

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would certainly say that Europa has the

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most potential within our solar system

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for life outside the earth other icy

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satellites are candidates Mars is a

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candidate - and you might get a

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different opinion from a different

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scientists but based on what I

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understand about the icy satellites

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Europa seems very promising for

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microbial life today

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new research is bringing scientists

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closer to understanding Europa inside

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this tiny lab at NASA's Jet Propulsion

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Laboratory scientists are creating a

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database to try to answer big questions

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about Europa and other icy moons well

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the purpose of this lab is to perform

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experiments that are relevant to Europa

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and to other icy satellites understand

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things like how much heating is there

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when the ice is squeezed and flexed or

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if there is a flow of slushy icy stuff

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that comes out onto the surface of

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Europa or tighten or Enceladus and

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Saturn what are the characteristics of

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ices when they're slushy like that and

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might erupt on to the surface we don't

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know if life is really unique to earth

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very rare in the cosmos or is it very

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common in the cosmos if we went

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someplace like Europa and found evidence

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for life today in another ocean it would

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say that maybe wherever there's an ocean

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or a warm salty ocean there's life and